Stony Brook University, Department of Physics and Astronomy

 

QUANTUM MECHANICS
(PHY 511/512)

Fall 2008/Spring 2009

Instructor:     

                        Konstantin K. Likharev

                        E-mail: klikharev@notes.cc.sunysb.edu

                        Office: Rm. B-135

                        Phone: 2-8159

                        Office hours: Thursday 1:30 to 3:30 pm

 

Preliminary Syllabus:            

           

1. Introduction (lecture notes)
Summary of experimental motivations for quantum mechanics. Basic postulates of wave mechanics; the Schrödinger  equation and its plane-wave solution, the operators of momentum and energy. Discussion: wavefunction and probability, statistical ensembles, expectation values of observables. Eigenvalues and eigenstates; example: 1D quantum well. Discrete and continuous spectra. Continuity equation, probability current. Partial quantum confinement, reduction to 2D and 1D.

2. 1D wave mechanics (lecture notes – Sec. 2.5 still in a draft form)
Plane waves, wave packets, propagator. Reflection from a potential step. Tunneling through a rectangular barrier. The WKB approximation, connection formulas for classical turning points, the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rule. Delta-functional barriers and quantum wells. 1D scattering and the transfer matrix. Resonant tunneling; metastable states and their decay. Motion in a periodic potential; the Bloch theorem, energy bands and gaps; weak-coupling and tight-binding approximations. The brute force approach to the harmonic oscillator problem.

3. 2D and 3D problems of wave mechanics (lecture notes).

            Density of states. Two-slit interference description. Motion in EM field; the Aharonov-Bohm effect; the Landau levels, the quantum Hall effect. 2D and 3D scattering characterization. The Born approximation, ways toward improvement. Elements of the multi-dimensional band theory. 2D and 3D harmonic oscillators, 2D and 3D rotators, circular and spherical quantum wells, the Bohr atom. Insufficiency of wave mechanics.

4. The bra-ket formalism and applications (lecture notes)
Motivations; the Stern-Gerlach experiment. Bra and ket vectors. Scalar (inner) product. Linear operators, commutators and anti-commutators. Identity, adjoint and self-adjoint (Hermitian) operators. Outer products and projection operators. Orthonormal sets and matrix formalism. Change of basis and matrix diagonalization. Spin operator; the Stern-Gerlach experiment’s description. Compatible and incompatible observables; the uncertainty relation. Quantum dynamics in the Schrödinger and Heisenberg pictures. Spin precession. Continuous spectrum, coordinate operator, reduction to wave mechanics; the Ehrenfest theorem. Coordinate and momentum representation of wave packets. The Feynman path integral. Revisiting the 1D harmonic oscillator: creation and annihilation operators, the Fock states, the Glauber (coherent) states, squeezed states. Revisiting the angular momentum; ladder operators.

5. Perturbation theories and applications (lecture notes)
Constant perturbation in non-degenerate and degenerate systems; anharmonic oscillator. Coupled quantum wells. The Stark effect. Spin addition to orbital momentum; Clebsh-Gordan coefficients; Zeeman effect. Time-dependent perturbation theory; the Rabi oscillations. Transitions in continuous spectrum, the "Fermi Golden Rule”.

6. Open systems, quantum statistics, and quantum measurements (lecture notes, with sections 6 and 7 in a draft form)

            Coupling to environment. The density matrix. Pure and mixed quantum states. Classical mixtures in thermal equilibrium. The Wigner function. Density matrix dynamics without and with interaction with environment. Energy relaxation and dephasing. Quantum measurements and ensemble redefinition. Bell’s inequalities and the local reality problem.

7. Multiparticle systems (lecture notes, with a part of Sec. 3 still missing)
Permutation symmetry, indistinguishability principle, bosons and fermions. Two-electron systems, singlet and triplet states, helium atom. Atoms, periodic table of elements. Second quantization for bosons and fermions, the Hubbard model, the Fermi gas of interacting electrons. The Hartri and Hartri-Fock approximations; density functional theory.

8. Electromagnetic field quantization (lecture notes)
Electromagnetic field modes and their quantization. The Casimir effect. The notion of photon; its energy, momentum, and angular momentum. EM field statistics, coherence, 2nd order correlation functions, photon bunching and antibunching. Quantum EM field interaction with charged particles. Spontaneous and induced transitions, the electric dipole transition rate, the Einstein coefficients.

9. Quantum theory of relativistic particles (lecture notes - just bits and pieces)
The relativistic Schrödinger equation, particles and antiparticles. Dirac equation, introduction of spin. Relativistic Fermi particles in EM field, spin-orbit interaction, application to atomic spectra. Relativistic theory of the hydrogen atom.

 

Recommended textbooks:     

                        E. Merzbacher, Quantum Mechanics, Wiley, 1998
                        L. Landau and E. Lifshitz, Quantum Mechanics, Non-Relativistic Theory, 3rd ed. Pergamon, 1977

                        J. Sakurai, Modern Quantum Mechanics, Addison-Wesley, 1994

 

Lectures:        

                        Twice a week (80 minutes each)

                                   

Homeworks:                          

                        Weekly (with just a few exceptions)

                                   

Exams:           

                        A midterm exam (80 minutes) and a final (2 hours 30 minutes) each semester

                                    all exams: books open

 

Final grade components:                   

                        Homeworks:    25%

                        Midterm:          30%

                        Final exam:      45%

 

PHY 512 logistics (Spring 2009):

Lectures: Tuesday and Thursday 9:50-11:10

Room: P-113

                        Exams (all in the lecture room):

                                    Midterm: Tuesday March 17 (lecture time)

                                    Final: Tuesday May 19 (8:00 – 10:30 am)

                        Grader: Ionel Patu

                                    E-mail: ipatu@grad.physics.sunysb.edu

                                    Office: M 6-114

                                    Office hours: Wednesday 2 to 3 pm, or by e-mail appointment

                                    Homework submission deadline: Friday 3:00 pm

                                    Late submission policy: off 10% a day, until next Wednesday morning

                                               

University-mandated statements:

                        Americans with Disabilities Act: If you have a physical, psychological, medical or learning disability that may impact your course work, please contact Disability Support Services, ECC (Educational Communications Center) Building, room 128, (631) 632-6748. They will determine with you what accommodations are necessary and appropriate. All information and documentation is confidential.

                        Emergency Evacuation: Students who require assistance during emergency evacuation are encouraged to discuss their needs with their professors and Disability Support Services. For procedures and information go to the following website: http://www.sunysb.edu/ehs/fire/disabilities.shtml

                        Academic Integrity: Each student must pursue his or her academic goals honestly and be personally accountable for all submitted work. Representing another person's work as your own is always wrong. Faculty are required to report and suspected instances of academic dishonesty to the Academic Judiciary. For more comprehensive information on academic integrity, including categories of academic dishonesty, please refer to the academic judiciary website at http://www.stonybrook.edu/uaa/academicjudiciary/          

                        Critical Incident Management: Stony Brook University expects students to respect the rights, privileges, and property of other people. Faculty are required to report to the Office of Judicial Affairs any disruptive behavior that interrupts their ability to teach, compromises the safety of the learning environment, or inhibits students' ability to learn.

 

PHY 511 homeworks and optional problems:

                        Homework 01 solutions

                        Homework 02 solutions

                        Homework 03 solutions

                        Homework 04 solutions

                        Optional problems Set 1 with solutions

                        Homework 05 with solutions

                        Homework 06 with solutions

                        Homework 07 with solutions

                        Homework 08 with solutions

                        Homework 09 with solutions

                        Optional problems Set 2 with solutions

 

PHY 511 Exams:

                        Midterm exam with solutions

                        Final exam with solutions

 

PHY 512 homeworks and optional problems:

                        Homework 10 with solutions

                        Homework 11 with solutions

                        Homework 12 with solutions

                        Homework 13 with solutions

                        Homework 14 with solutions

                        Optional problems Set 3 with solutions

                        Homework 15 with solutions

                        Homework 16 with solutions

                        Homework 17 with solutions

                        Homework 18 with solutions

                        Homework 19 with solutions

                        Homework 20 with solutions

                        Optional problems Set 4 with solutions

 

PHY 512 Exams:

                        Midterm exam with solutions

NEW:               Final exam with solutions